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KMID : 1011320190110020053
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Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management
2019 Volume.11 No. 2 p.53 ~ p.61
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Cross-Reactivity of β-Lactam Antibiotics
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Yang Min-Suk
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Abstract
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β-lactam drugs are widely used antibiotics. However, they are also well-known cause of drug allergy including fatal anaphylaxis. The structural similarly between penicillins and cephalosporins concerns about cross reactivity. In this review, we discuss the immunologic cross-reactivity among β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, aminopenicillins,
cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams. Although cross-reactivity between natural penicillin and aminopenicillin is significant, aminopenicillin allergy can occur without allergy to natural penicillin. On the other hand, there is little clinically significant immunologic cross-reactivity between penicillins and other β-lactam antibiotics. Cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins is more likely associated with structurally similar R1 side chains rather than the
beta-lactam ring itself. Considering the adverse outcomes of overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics, physicians will need
to pay attention to antibiotic allergy and its proper management.
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KEYWORD
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β-Lactam antibiotics, Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Cross reactivity
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